1862 Battle of Harpers Ferry Museum

The Museum of the 1862 Battle of Harpers Ferry tells the story of a dramatic Civil War event. In September 1862, Confederate General Stonewall Jackson surrounded Harpers Ferry. Within days, he forced more than 12,000 Union soldiers to surrender. This remains the largest Union surrender of the war.

Inside the museum, you’ll see maps, artifacts, and exhibits. Displays explain the battle strategies and the role Harpers Ferry played in the Maryland Campaign. The exhibits make it easy to picture the soldiers, the siege, and the surrender.

About the Battle:
The battle unfolded as Jackson’s forces seized the heights surrounding Harpers Ferry—Maryland Heights, Loudoun Heights, and Bolivar Heights. With Union forces trapped in the valley below, the Confederates unleashed artillery fire that made defense impossible. On September 15, 1862, Union Colonel Dixon S. Miles surrendered his command, a pivotal moment that gave Confederate forces access to critical supplies.

Though a short battle, the Confederate victory at Harpers Ferry was overshadowed just days later by the bloody clash at Antietam. Today, this museum helps visitors understand why the town was such a key target and how geography shaped the outcome.

Tips for Your Visit:

• Pair your museum stop with a walk up to Bolivar Heights or Maryland Heights to see the ground where the battle was fought.

• Expect a small but focused museum—plan about 30–45 minutes.

• Great for adding depth to your Civil War experience after visiting other Harpers Ferry National Historical Park exhibits.